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A cyclide is a pair of focal conics which are the envelopes of two one-parameter families of spheres, sometimes also called a cyclid. The cyclide is a quartic surface, and ...

The dihedral group D_3 is a particular instance of one of the two distinct abstract groups of group order 6. Unlike the cyclic group C_6 (which is Abelian), D_3 is ...

The elliptic curve factorization method, abbreviated ECM and sometimes also called the Lenstra elliptic curve method, is a factorization algorithm that computes a large ...

A root-finding method which was among the most popular methods for finding roots of univariate polynomials in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was invented independently by ...

On a Riemannian manifold M, tangent vectors can be moved along a path by parallel transport, which preserves vector addition and scalar multiplication. So a closed loop at a ...

Percolation theory deals with fluid flow (or any other similar process) in random media. If the medium is a set of regular lattice points, then there are two main types of ...

An ambiguous figure in which the brain switches between seeing a rabbit and a duck. The duck-rabbit was "originally noted" by American psychologist Joseph Jastrow (Jastrow ...

Let DeltaABC be a triangle and D a point on the side BC. Let I be the incenter, P the center of the circle tangent to the circumcircle and segments AD and BD, Q the center of ...

A pair of closed form functions (F,G) is said to be a Wilf-Zeilberger pair if F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)=G(n,k+1)-G(n,k). (1) The Wilf-Zeilberger formalism provides succinct proofs of ...

A graph G on more than two vertices is said to be k-connected (or k-vertex connected, or k-point connected) if there does not exist a vertex cut of size k-1 whose removal ...