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An expression is called "well-defined" (or "unambiguous") if its definition assigns it a unique interpretation or value. Otherwise, the expression is said to not be ...

A class of complete orientable minimal surfaces of R^3 derived from Enneper's minimal surface. They are named for the mathematicians who found the first two examples in 1982. ...

The path traced out by a point P on the edge of a circle of radius b rolling on the outside of a circle of radius a. An epicycloid is therefore an epitrochoid with h=b. ...

Rule 102 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

A number of attractive tetrahedron 5-compounds can be constructed. The first (left figures) is one of the icosahedron stellations in which the 5×4 vertices of the tetrahedra ...

The word "algebra" is a distortion of the Arabic title of a treatise by al-Khwārizmī about algebraic methods. In modern usage, algebra has several meanings. One use of the ...

A fixed point is a point that does not change upon application of a map, system of differential equations, etc. In particular, a fixed point of a function f(x) is a point x_0 ...

The biconjugate gradient method often displays rather irregular convergence behavior. Moreover, the implicit LU decomposition of the reduced tridiagonal system may not exist, ...

Two circles with centers at (x_i,y_i) with radii r_i for i=1,2 are mutually tangent if (x_1-x_2)^2+(y_1-y_2)^2=(r_1+/-r_2)^2. (1) If the center of the second circle is inside ...

(1-x^2)(d^2y)/(dx^2)-x(dy)/(dx)+alpha^2y=0 (1) for |x|<1. The Chebyshev differential equation has regular singular points at -1, 1, and infty. It can be solved by series ...