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Given a square n×n nonsingular integer matrix A, there exists an n×n unimodular matrix U and an n×n matrix H (known as the Hermite normal form of A) such that AU=H. ...

A square matrix is called Hermitian if it is self-adjoint. Therefore, a Hermitian matrix A=(a_(ij)) is defined as one for which A=A^(H), (1) where A^(H) denotes the conjugate ...

The base 16 notational system for representing real numbers. The digits used to represent numbers using hexadecimal notation are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, ...

The hexagram is the star polygon {6/2}, also known as the star of David or Solomon's seal, illustrated at left above. It appears as one of the clues in the novel The Da Vinci ...

A connected graph is said to be highly irregular if the neighbors of each vertex have distinct vertex degrees. Highly irregular graphs exist on all orders except 3, 5 and 7, ...

The meeting point of lines that connect corresponding points from homothetic figures. In the above figure, O is the homothetic center of the homothetic figures ABCDE and ...

Two mathematical objects are said to be homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. For example, the real line is homotopic to a single point, as is any ...

A class formed by sets in R^n which have essentially the same structure, regardless of size, shape and dimension. The "essential structure" is what a set keeps when it is ...

One of the three standard tori given by the parametric equations x = a(1+cosv)cosu (1) y = a(1+cosv)sinu (2) z = asinv, (3) corresponding to the torus with a=c. It has ...

The Hungarian algorithm finds a maximum independent edge set on a graph. The algorithm starts with any matching M and constructs a tree via a breadth-first search to find an ...