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The elliptic curve factorization method, abbreviated ECM and sometimes also called the Lenstra elliptic curve method, is a factorization algorithm that computes a large ...

A root-finding method which was among the most popular methods for finding roots of univariate polynomials in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was invented independently by ...

On a Riemannian manifold M, tangent vectors can be moved along a path by parallel transport, which preserves vector addition and scalar multiplication. So a closed loop at a ...

The necker cube is an illusion in which a two-dimensional drawing of an array of cubes appears to simultaneously protrude from and intrude into the page. A Necker cube ...

Consider the plane figure obtained by drawing each diagonal in a regular polygon with n vertices. If each point of intersection is associated with a node and diagonals are ...

A second-order algebraic surface given by the general equation (1) Quadratic surfaces are also called quadrics, and there are 17 standard-form types. A quadratic surface ...

An ambiguous figure in which the brain switches between seeing a rabbit and a duck. The duck-rabbit was "originally noted" by American psychologist Joseph Jastrow (Jastrow ...

Let the number of random walks on a d-D hypercubic lattice starting at the origin which never land on the same lattice point twice in n steps be denoted c_d(n). The first few ...

A pair of closed form functions (F,G) is said to be a Wilf-Zeilberger pair if F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)=G(n,k+1)-G(n,k). (1) The Wilf-Zeilberger formalism provides succinct proofs of ...

A circle that in internally tangent to two sides of a triangle and to the circumcircle is called a mixtilinear incircle. There are three mixtilinear incircles, one ...