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A unit-distance graph is a distance graph having an embedding in the Euclidean plane (unit-distance embedding) in which vertices are distinct points and all edges are of ...

There are a number of meanings for the word "arc" in mathematics. In general, an arc is any smooth curve joining two points. The length of an arc is known as its arc length. ...

Also called Chvátal's art gallery theorem. If the walls of an art gallery are made up of n straight line segments, then the entire gallery can always be supervised by |_n/3_| ...

A portion of a disk whose upper boundary is a (circular) arc and whose lower boundary is a chord making a central angle theta<pi radians (180 degrees), illustrated above as ...

A convex polyhedron can be defined algebraically as the set of solutions to a system of linear inequalities mx<=b, where m is a real s×3 matrix and b is a real s-vector. ...

Pick three points P=(x_1,y_1), Q=(x_2,y_2), and R=(x_3,y_3) distributed independently and uniformly in a unit disk K (i.e., in the interior of the unit circle). Then the ...

The Kakeya needle problems asks for the plane figure of least area in which a line segment of width 1 can be freely rotated (where translation of the segment is also ...

A Laman graph is a graph satisfying Laman's theorem. In other words, it is a graph G have exactly 2n-3 graph edges, where n is the number of graph vertices in G and for which ...

The Motzkin numbers enumerate various combinatorial objects. Donaghey and Shapiro (1977) give 14 different manifestations of these numbers. In particular, they give the ...

A spherical triangle is a figure formed on the surface of a sphere by three great circular arcs intersecting pairwise in three vertices. The spherical triangle is the ...