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A sequence of circles which closes (such as a Steiner chain or the circles inscribed in the arbelos) is called a chain.

An equation is a mathematical expression stating that two or more quantities are the same as one another, also called an equality, formula, or identity.

The number of alternating permutations for n elements is sometimes called an Euler zigzag number. Denote the number of alternating permutations on n elements for which the ...

A fixed point is a point that does not change upon application of a map, system of differential equations, etc. In particular, a fixed point of a function f(x) is a point x_0 ...

A complex vector bundle is a vector bundle pi:E->M whose fiber bundles pi^(-1)(m) are a copy of C^k. pi is a holomorphic vector bundle if it is a holomorphic map between ...

A ruled surface M is a normal developable of a curve y if M can be parameterized by x(u,v)=y(u)+vN^^(u), where N is the normal vector (Gray 1993, pp. 352-354; first edition ...

A pullback is a general categorical operation appearing in a number of mathematical contexts, sometimes going under a different name. If T:V->W is a linear transformation ...

A surface of revolution obtained by rotating a closed plane curve about an axis parallel to the plane which does not intersect the curve. The simplest toroid is the torus. ...

Two lines PQ and RS are said to be antiparallel with respect to the sides of an angle A if they make the same angle in the opposite senses with the bisector of that angle. If ...

A complex number z may be represented as z=x+iy=|z|e^(itheta), (1) where |z| is a positive real number called the complex modulus of z, and theta (sometimes also denoted phi) ...