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Cut-and-Project Set


A cut-and-project set is obtained by selecting points of a higher-dimensional point lattice according to a bounded window in an internal space and projecting the selected points to a physical space. More precisely, let L be a point lattice in R^d×R^m, with coordinate projections pi and pi_(int). Assume that pi is injective on L and pi_(int)(L) is dense. For a window W subset R^m that is a compact set equal to the closure of its nonempty interior, the associated model set is

 Lambda(W)={pi(x):x in L, pi_(int)(x) in W}.

It is a Delone set. The model set is regular when the window boundary has measure zero.

Haynes (2026) constructed a regular planar example from a totally irrational plane in R^3 with a one-dimensional window that is a compact set with countable boundary and no internal projection of a lattice point on that boundary. It has uniform asymptotic density but is not bi-Lipschitz equivalent to any planar point lattice. Thus regularity alone does not guarantee such an equivalence. Haynes (2026) reports AI assistance in the research and states that he checked the final proofs.


See also

Delone Set, Meyer Set, Point Lattice, Quasicrystal

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References

Baake, M. and Grimm, U. Aperiodic Order, Vol. 1: A Mathematical Invitation. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139025256.Haynes, A. "A Cut-and-Project Set Which Is Not Bi-Lipschitz Equivalent to a Lattice." 20 Oct 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.27640.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Cut-and-Project Set." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Cut-and-ProjectSet.html

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