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An interior point method is a linear or nonlinear programming method (Forsgren et al. 2002) that achieves optimization by going through the middle of the solid defined by the ...

A subset {v_1,...,v_k} of a vector space V, with the inner product <,>, is called orthonormal if <v_i,v_j>=0 when i!=j. That is, the vectors are mutually perpendicular. ...

A projection matrix P is an n×n square matrix that gives a vector space projection from R^n to a subspace W. The columns of P are the projections of the standard basis ...

A quadratic form involving n real variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n associated with the n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is given by Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=a_(ij)x_ix_j, (1) where Einstein ...

A quartic vertex-transitive graph is a quartic graph that is vertex transitive. Read and Wilson (1988, pp. 164-166) enumerate all connected quartic vertex-transitive graphs ...

A quintic graph is a graph which is 5-regular. The only quintic graph on n<=7 nodes is the complete graph K_6. Quintic graphs exist only on even numbers of nodes, and the ...

A rooted graph is a graph in which one node is labeled in a special way so as to distinguish it from other nodes. The special node is called the root of the graph. The rooted ...

The tensor product of two vector spaces V and W, denoted V tensor W and also called the tensor direct product, is a way of creating a new vector space analogous to ...

Let s_i be the sum of the products of distinct polynomial roots r_j of the polynomial equation of degree n a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0=0, (1) where the roots are taken ...

Roughly speaking, the metric tensor g_(ij) is a function which tells how to compute the distance between any two points in a given space. Its components can be viewed as ...