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Niven's theorem states that if x/pi and sinx are both rational, then the sine takes values 0, +/-1/2, and +/-1. Particular cases include sin(pi) = 0 (1) sin(pi/2) = 1 (2) ...

The Nørlund polynomial (note that the spelling Nörlund also appears in various publications) is a name given by Carlitz (1960) and Adelberg (1997) to the polynomial ...

Let u_(p) be a unit tangent vector of a regular surface M subset R^3. Then the normal curvature of M in the direction u_(p) is kappa(u_(p))=S(u_(p))·u_(p), (1) where S is the ...

nu(x) = int_0^infty(x^tdt)/(Gamma(t+1)) (1) nu(x,alpha) = int_0^infty(x^(alpha+t)dt)/(Gamma(alpha+t+1)), (2) where Gamma(z) is the gamma function (Erdélyi et al. 1981, p. ...

Simplemindedly, a number theoretic transform is a generalization of a fast Fourier transform obtained by replacing e^(-2piik/N) with an nth primitive root of unity. This ...

Numerical differentiation is the process of finding the numerical value of a derivative of a given function at a given point. In general, numerical differentiation is more ...

In order to recover all Fourier components of a periodic waveform, it is necessary to use a sampling rate nu at least twice the highest waveform frequency. The Nyquist ...

The wave equation in oblate spheroidal coordinates is del ^2Phi+k^2Phi=partial/(partialxi_1)[(xi_1^2+1)(partialPhi)/(partialxi_1)] ...

A univariate function f(x) is said to be odd provided that f(-x)=-f(x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the origin. Examples of odd functions include x, ...

In the equianharmonic case of the Weierstrass elliptic function, corresponding to invariants g_2=0 and g_3=1, the corresponding real half-period is given by omega_2 = ...