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A power is an exponent to which a given quantity is raised. The expression x^a is therefore known as "x to the ath power." A number of powers of x are plotted above (cf. ...

Zero is the integer denoted 0 that, when used as a counting number, means that no objects are present. It is the only integer (and, in fact, the only real number) that is ...

A map projection. The inverse equations for phi are computed by iteration. Let the angle of the projection plane be theta_b. Define a={0 for theta_b=1/2pi; ...

A property of X is said to hold almost everywhere if the set of points in X where this property fails is contained in a set that has measure zero.

Chebyshev iteration is a method for solving nonsymmetric problems (Golub and van Loan 1996, §10.1.5; Varga, 1962, Ch. 5). Chebyshev iteration avoids the computation of inner ...

A test for the convergence of Fourier series. Let phi_x(t)=f(x+t)+f(x-t)-2f(x), then if int_0^pi(|phi_x(t)|dt)/t is finite, the Fourier series converges to f(x) at x.

Let f(theta) be Lebesgue integrable and let f(r,theta)=1/(2pi)int_(-pi)^pif(t)(1-r^2)/(1-2rcos(t-theta)+r^2)dt (1) be the corresponding Poisson integral. Then almost ...

The biconjugate gradient method often displays rather irregular convergence behavior. Moreover, the implicit LU decomposition of the reduced tridiagonal system may not exist, ...

The distance from the center of a circle to its perimeter, or from the center of a sphere to its surface. The radius is equal to half the diameter.

The symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR) method combines two successive overrelaxation method (SOR) sweeps together in such a way that the resulting iteration matrix is ...