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In elementary geometry, orthogonal is the same as perpendicular. Two lines or curves are orthogonal if they are perpendicular at their point of intersection. Two vectors v ...

A piecewise linear function is a function composed of some number of linear segments defined over an equal number of intervals, usually of equal size. For example, consider ...

A power is an exponent to which a given quantity is raised. The expression x^a is therefore known as "x to the ath power." A number of powers of x are plotted above (cf. ...

The set of numbers generated by excluding the sums of two or more consecutive earlier members is called the prime numbers of measurement, or sometimes the segmented numbers. ...

A primitive Pythagorean triple is a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c) such that GCD(a,b,c)=1, where GCD is the greatest common divisor. A right triangle whose side lengths give a ...

The term "product" refers to the result of one or more multiplications. For example, the mathematical statement a×b=c would be read "a times b equals c," where a is called ...

A Pythagorean quadruple is a set of positive integers a, b, c, and d that satisfy a^2+b^2+c^2=d^2. (1) For positive even a and b, there exist such integers c and d; for ...

Rubik's Clock is a puzzle consisting of 18 small clocks, 14 of which are independent, each of which may be set to any 12-hour position. There are therefore 12^(14) possible ...

A usually simple algorithm or identity. The term is frequently applied to specific orders of Newton-Cotes formulas. The designation "rule n" is also given to the nth ...

If f_1(x), ..., f_s(x) are irreducible polynomials with integer coefficients such that no integer n>1 divides f_1(x), ..., f_s(x) for all integers x, then there should exist ...