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A partial differential equation which appears in differential geometry and relativistic field theory. Its name is a wordplay on its similar form to the Klein-Gordon equation. ...

Let K be a number field, then each fractional ideal I of K belongs to an equivalence class [I] consisting of all fractional ideals J satisfying I=alphaJ for some nonzero ...

Let G be a group of group order h and D be a set of k elements of G. If the set of differences d_i-d_j contains every nonzero element of G exactly lambda times, then D is a ...

For any alpha in A (where A denotes the set of algebraic numbers), let |alpha|^_ denote the maximum of moduli of all conjugates of alpha. Then a function ...

A mathematical property P holds locally if P is true near every point. In many different areas of mathematics, this notion is very useful. For instance, the sphere, and more ...

A sheaf is a presheaf with "something" added allowing us to define things locally. This task is forbidden for presheaves in general. Specifically, a presheaf F on a ...

There are at least two distinct notions of linear space throughout mathematics. The term linear space is most commonly used within functional analysis as a synonym of the ...

An invariant of an elliptic curve given in the form y^2=x^3+ax+b which is closely related to the elliptic discriminant and defined by j(E)=(2^83^3a^3)/(4a^3+27b^2). The ...

Each Cartan matrix determines a unique semisimple complex Lie algebra via the Chevalley-Serre, sometimes called simply the "Serre relations." That is, if (A_(ij)) is a k×k ...

The base manifold in a bundle is analogous to the domain for a set of functions. In fact, a bundle, by definition, comes with a map to the base manifold, often called pi or ...