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A magic cube is an n×n×n version of a magic square in which the n^2 rows, n^2 columns, n^2 pillars, and four space diagonals each sum to a single number M_3(n) known as the ...

An edge-magic graph is a labeled graph with e graph edges labeled with distinct elements {1,2,...,e} so that the sum of the graph edge labels at each graph vertex is the ...

A triangle center alpha:beta:gamma is called a major triangle center if the triangle center function alpha=f(a,b,c,A,B,C) is a function of angle A alone, and therefore beta ...

Given n matches (i.e., rigid unit line segments), find the number of topologically distinct planar arrangements which can be made (Gardner 1991). In this problem, two matches ...

Several prizes are awarded periodically for outstanding mathematical achievement. There is no Nobel Prize in mathematics, and the most prestigious mathematical award is known ...

The inverse of a square matrix A, sometimes called a reciprocal matrix, is a matrix A^(-1) such that AA^(-1)=I, (1) where I is the identity matrix. Courant and Hilbert (1989, ...

A maximal independent edge set of a graph is an independent edge set that cannot be expanded to another independent edge set by addition of any edge in the graph. Note that a ...

A maximal independent vertex set of a graph is an independent vertex set that cannot be expanded to another independent vertex set by addition of any vertex in the graph. A ...

A maximal irredundant set is an irredundant set that cannot be expanded to another irredundant set by addition of any vertex in the graph. Note that a maximal irredundant set ...

A maximum clique of a graph G is a clique (i.e., complete subgraph) of maximum possible size for G. Note that some authors refer to maximum cliques simply as "cliques." The ...