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Pythagoras's theorem states that the diagonal d of a square with sides of integral length s cannot be rational. Assume d/s is rational and equal to p/q where p and q are ...

A Pythagorean quadruple is a set of positive integers a, b, c, and d that satisfy a^2+b^2+c^2=d^2. (1) For positive even a and b, there exist such integers c and d; for ...

Let sigma(m) be the divisor function of m. Then two numbers m and n are a quasiamicable pair if sigma(m)=sigma(n)=m+n+1. The first few are (48, 75), (140, 195), (1050, 1925), ...

A positive integer n>1 is quiteprime iff all primes p<=sqrt(n) satisfy |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=p+1-sqrt(p). Also define 2 and 3 to be quiteprimes. Then the first few quiteprimes ...

Following Ramanujan (1913-1914), write product_(k=1,3,5,...)^infty(1+e^(-kpisqrt(n)))=2^(1/4)e^(-pisqrt(n)/24)G_n (1) ...

It is possible to find six points in the plane, no three on a line and no four on a circle (i.e., none of which are collinear or concyclic), such that all the mutual ...

Let lambda_1, ..., lambda_n in C be linearly independent over the rationals Q, then Q(lambda_1,...,lambda_n,e^(lambda_1),...,e^(lambda_n)) has transcendence degree at least n ...

Let p(n) be the first prime which follows a prime gap of n between consecutive primes. Shanks' conjecture holds that p(n)∼exp(sqrt(n)). Wolf conjectures a slightly different ...

For any M, there exists a t^' such that the sequence n^2+t^', where n=1, 2, ... contains at least M primes.

By analogy with the sinc function, define the sinhc function by sinhc(z)={(sinhz)/z for z!=0; 1 for z=0. (1) Since sinhx/x is not a cardinal function, the "analogy" with the ...