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A Taylor series is a series expansion of a function about a point. A one-dimensional Taylor series is an expansion of a real function f(x) about a point x=a is given by (1) ...

The Thue-Morse constant, also called the parity constant, is given by the concatenated digits of the Thue-Morse sequence P=0.0110100110010110100101100..._2 (1) (OEIS A010060) ...

Probability and Statistics

An ellipse is a curve that is the locus of all points in the plane the sum of whose distances r_1 and r_2 from two fixed points F_1 and F_2 (the foci) separated by a distance ...

A cubic number is a figurate number of the form n^3 with n a positive integer. The first few are 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, ... (OEIS A000578). The protagonist Christopher ...

An elliptic integral is an integral of the form int(A(x)+B(x)sqrt(S(x)))/(C(x)+D(x)sqrt(S(x)))dx, (1) or int(A(x)dx)/(B(x)sqrt(S(x))), (2) where A(x), B(x), C(x), and D(x) ...

The game of life is the best-known two-dimensional cellular automaton, invented by John H. Conway and popularized in Martin Gardner's Scientific American column starting in ...

The greatest common divisor, sometimes also called the highest common divisor (Hardy and Wright 1979, p. 20), of two positive integers a and b is the largest divisor common ...

An n×n Latin square is a Latin rectangle with k=n. Specifically, a Latin square consists of n sets of the numbers 1 to n arranged in such a way that no orthogonal (row or ...

A tree is a mathematical structure that can be viewed as either a graph or as a data structure. The two views are equivalent, since a tree data structure contains not only a ...