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A closed geometric figure on the surface of a sphere which is formed by the arcs of great circles. The spherical polygon is a generalization of the spherical triangle. If ...

A dipyramid with a square base. The octahedron is a special case of a square dipyramid with equal edge lengths. The volume of a square dipyramid with base edge lengths a and ...

A plane curve given by the parametric equations x = cost (1) y = sintsin^m(1/2t). (2) The plots above show curves for values of m from 0 to 7. The teardrop curve has area ...

An extension field of a field F that is not algebraic over F, i.e., an extension field that has at least one element that is transcendental over F. For example, the field of ...

In antiquity, geometric constructions of figures and lengths were restricted to the use of only a straightedge and compass (or in Plato's case, a compass only; a technique ...

The inverse tangent is the multivalued function tan^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arctanz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 311; ...

A number is said to be simply normal to base b if its base-b expansion has each digit appearing with average frequency tending to b^(-1). A normal number is an irrational ...

The surface which is the inverse of the ellipsoid in the sense that it "goes in" where the ellipsoid "goes out." It is given by the parametric equations x = acos^3ucos^3v (1) ...

Bertelsen's number is an erroneous name erroneously given to the erroneous value of pi(10^9)=50847478, where pi(x) is the prime counting function. This value is 56 lower than ...

The entire function B(z) = [(sin(piz))/pi]^2[2/z+sum_(n=0)^(infty)1/((z-n)^2)-sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/((z+n)^2)] (1) = 1-(2sin^2(piz))/(pi^2z^2)[z^2psi_1(z)-z-1], (2) where ...