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To pick a random point on the surface of a unit sphere, it is incorrect to select spherical coordinates theta and phi from uniform distributions theta in [0,2pi) and phi in ...

A tiling of regular polygons (in two dimensions), polyhedra (three dimensions), or polytopes (n dimensions) is called a tessellation. Tessellations can be specified using a ...

Consider the average length of a line segment determined by two points picked at random in the interior of an arbitrary triangle Delta(a,b,c) with side lengths a, b, and c. ...

An unfolding is the cutting along edges and flattening out of a polyhedron to form a net. Determining how to unfold a polyhedron into a net is tricky. For example, cuts ...

The conic sections are the nondegenerate curves generated by the intersections of a plane with one or two nappes of a cone. For a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cone, ...

An algebraic curve over a field K is an equation f(X,Y)=0, where f(X,Y) is a polynomial in X and Y with coefficients in K. A nonsingular algebraic curve is an algebraic curve ...

The n-ball, denoted B^n, is the interior of a sphere S^(n-1), and sometimes also called the n-disk. (Although physicists often use the term "sphere" to mean the solid ball, ...

Cartesian coordinates are rectilinear two- or three-dimensional coordinates (and therefore a special case of curvilinear coordinates) which are also called rectangular ...

Cayley's cubic surface is the unique cubic surface having four ordinary double points (Hunt), the maximum possible for cubic surface (Endraß). The Cayley cubic is invariant ...

A portion of a disk whose upper boundary is a (circular) arc and whose lower boundary is a chord making a central angle theta<pi radians (180 degrees), illustrated above as ...