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A system is singular if its condition number is infinite and ill-conditioned if it is too large.

The Stiefel manifold of orthonormal k-frames in R^n is the collection of vectors (v_1, ..., v_k) where v_i is in R^n for all i, and the k-tuple (v_1, ..., v_k) is ...

A method for solving ordinary differential equations using the formula y_(n+1)=y_n+hf(x_n,y_n), which advances a solution from x_n to x_(n+1)=x_n+h. Note that the method ...

A topology tau on a topological vector space X=(X,tau) (with X usually assumed to be T2) is said to be locally convex if tau admits a local base at 0 consisting of balanced, ...

A ring is called left (respectively, right) Noetherian if it does not contain an infinite ascending chain of left (respectively, right) ideals. In this case, the ring in ...

For s>1, the Riemann zeta function is given by zeta(s) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(n^s) (1) = product_(k=1)^(infty)1/(1-1/(p_k^s)), (2) where p_k is the kth prime. This is Euler's ...

The inverse of a square matrix A, sometimes called a reciprocal matrix, is a matrix A^(-1) such that AA^(-1)=I, (1) where I is the identity matrix. Courant and Hilbert (1989, ...

Two trains are on the same track a distance 100 km apart heading towards one another, each at a speed of 50 km/h. A fly starting out at the front of one train, flies towards ...

The Sobolev embedding theorem is a result in functional analysis which proves that certain Sobolev spaces W^(k,p)(Omega) can be embedded in various spaces including ...

The Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind are a set of orthogonal polynomials defined as the solutions to the Chebyshev differential equation and denoted T_n(x). They are ...