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Let a, b, and c be the side lengths of a reference triangle DeltaABC. Now let A_b be a point on the extension of the segment CA beyond A such that AA_b=a. Similarly, define ...

A coordinate chart is a way of expressing the points of a small neighborhood, usually on a manifold M, as coordinates in Euclidean space. An example from geography is the ...

Given an affine variety V in the n-dimensional affine space K^n, where K is an algebraically closed field, the coordinate ring of V is the quotient ring ...

The categorical notion which is dual to product. The coproduct of a family {X_i}_(i in I) of objects of a category is an object C=coproduct_(i in I)X_i, together with a ...

A cork plug is a three-dimensional solid that can stopper a square, triangular, or circular hole. There is an infinite family of such shapes. The shape with smallest volume ...

The cornoid is the curve illustrated above given by the parametric equations x = acost(1-2sin^2t) (1) y = asint(1+2cos^2t), (2) where a>0. It is a sextic algebraic curve with ...

For a subgroup H of a group G and an element x of G, define xH to be the set {xh:h in H} and Hx to be the set {hx:h in H}. A subset of G of the form xH for some x in G is ...

A set function mu possesses countable additivity if, given any countable disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

Let X be a set and S a collection of subsets of X. A set function mu:S->[0,infty] is said to possess countable monotonicity provided that, whenever a set E in S is covered by ...

A covering map (also called a covering or projection) is a surjective open map f:X->Y that is locally a homeomorphism, meaning that each point in X has a neighborhood that is ...