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From the point of view of coordinate charts, the notion of tangent space is quite simple. The tangent space consists of all directions, or velocities, a particle can take. In ...

In plane geometry, a chord is the line segment joining two points on a curve. The term is often used to describe a line segment whose ends lie on a circle. The term is also ...

A problem sometimes known as Moser's circle problem asks to determine the number of pieces into which a circle is divided if n points on its circumference are joined by ...

The circumcenter of mass is a concept that can be defined by analogy with one of the the constructions for the geometric centroid for the case of polygons. The geometric ...

The constant a_(-1) in the Laurent series f(z)=sum_(n=-infty)^inftya_n(z-z_0)^n (1) of f(z) about a point z_0 is called the residue of f(z). If f is analytic at z_0, its ...

A conical frustum is a frustum created by slicing the top off a cone (with the cut made parallel to the base). For a right circular cone, let s be the slant height and R_1 ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

A tag system in which a list of n tag rules (each of a special form) is applied to a system in sequential order and then starting again from the first rule. In a cyclic tag ...

An n×n-matrix A is said to be diagonalizable if it can be written on the form A=PDP^(-1), where D is a diagonal n×n matrix with the eigenvalues of A as its entries and P is a ...

Let a distribution to be approximated be the distribution F_n of standardized sums Y_n=(sum_(i=1)^(n)(X_i-X^_))/(sqrt(sum_(i=1)^(n)sigma_X^2)). (1) In the Charlier series, ...