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Given relatively prime integers p and q (i.e., (p,q)=1), the Dedekind sum is defined by s(p,q)=sum_(i=1)^q((i/q))(((pi)/q)), (1) where ((x))={x-|_x_|-1/2 x not in Z; 0 x in ...

Let f(z) be an entire function such that f(n) is an integer for each positive integer n. Then Pólya (1915) showed that if lim sup_(r->infty)(lnM_r)/r<ln2=0.693... (1) (OEIS ...

Let sigma(n) be the divisor function. Then lim sup_(n->infty)(sigma(n))/(nlnlnn)=e^gamma, where gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. Ramanujan independently discovered a ...

An equilibrium point in game theory is a set of strategies {x^^_1,...,x^^_n} such that the ith payoff function K_i(x) is larger or equal for any other ith strategy, i.e., ...

A moment sequence is a sequence {mu_n}_(n=0)^infty defined for n=0, 1, ... by mu_n=int_0^1t^ndalpha(t), where alpha(t) is a function of bounded variation in the interval ...

Let f(s) defined and analytic in a half-strip D={s:sigma_1<=R[s]<=sigma_2,I[s]>=t_0 0}. If |f|<=M on the boundary partialD of D and there is a constant A such that ...

A multiple series is a series involving sums over more than one index.

The period for a quasiperiodic trajectory to pass through the same point in a surface of section. If the rotation number is irrational, the trajectory will densely fill out a ...

A set of three conjectures proposed by Weil in 1942 for extending Riemann hypothesis-like statements to classes of mathematical structures. The conjectures were proved by ...

A branch cut is a curve (with ends possibly open, closed, or half-open) in the complex plane across which an analytic multivalued function is discontinuous. For convenience, ...