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Gödel's first incompleteness theorem states that all consistent axiomatic formulations of number theory which include Peano arithmetic include undecidable propositions ...

A pair of primes (p,q) that sum to an even integer 2n=p+q are known as a Goldbach partition (Oliveira e Silva). Letting r(2n) denote the number of Goldbach partitions of 2n ...

Given a rectangle having sides in the ratio 1:phi, the golden ratio phi is defined such that partitioning the original rectangle into a square and new rectangle results in a ...

The decimal expansion of the Golomb-Dickman constant is given by lambda=0.6243299885... (OEIS A084945). Mitchell (1968) computed lambda to 53 decimal places. lambda has been ...

An algorithm for finding closed form hypergeometric identities. The algorithm treats sums whose successive terms have ratios which are rational functions. Not only does it ...

A root-finding method which was among the most popular methods for finding roots of univariate polynomials in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was invented independently by ...

Graham's biggest little hexagon is the largest possible (not necessarily regular) convex hexagon with polygon diameter 1 (i.e., for which no two of the vertices are more than ...

Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization, also called the Gram-Schmidt process, is a procedure which takes a nonorthogonal set of linearly independent functions and constructs an ...

The Grassmannian Gr(n,k) is the set of k-dimensional subspaces in an n-dimensional vector space. For example, the set of lines Gr(n+1,1) is projective space. The real ...

A great circle is a section of a sphere that contains a diameter of the sphere (Kern and Bland 1948, p. 87). Sections of the sphere that do not contain a diameter are called ...