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A set of n distinct numbers taken from the interval [1,n^2] form a magic series if their sum is the nth magic constant M_n=1/2n(n^2+1) (Kraitchik 1942, p. 143). The numbers ...

The moment problem, also called "Hausdorff's moment problem" or the "little moment problem," may be stated as follows. Given a sequence of numbers {mu_n}_(n=0)^infty, under ...

A set X is said to be nowhere dense if the interior of the set closure of X is the empty set. For example, the Cantor set is nowhere dense. There exist nowhere dense sets of ...

The distribution with probability density function and distribution function P(x) = (ab^a)/(x^(a+1)) (1) D(x) = 1-(b/x)^a (2) defined over the interval x>=b. It is ...

The pathwidth of a graph G, also called the interval thickness, vertex separation number, and node searching number, is one less than the size of the largest set in a path ...

A piecewise linear function is a function composed of some number of linear segments defined over an equal number of intervals, usually of equal size. For example, consider ...

An abundant number for which all proper divisors are deficient is called a primitive abundant number (Guy 1994, p. 46). The first few odd primitive abundant numbers are 945, ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula for numerical estimation of integrals. It requires m+1 points and fits all polynomials to degree 2m, so it effectively fits exactly all ...

The term "real line" has a number of different meanings in mathematics. Most commonly, "real line" is used to mean real axis, i.e., a line with a fixed scale so that every ...

For a set of n numbers or values of a discrete distribution x_i, ..., x_n, the root-mean-square (abbreviated "RMS" and sometimes called the quadratic mean), is the square ...