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A moment sequence is a sequence {mu_n}_(n=0)^infty defined for n=0, 1, ... by mu_n=int_0^1t^ndalpha(t), where alpha(t) is a function of bounded variation in the interval ...

A strong inequality in which a is not only less than b, but much less (by some convention) is denoted a<<b.

A mathematical object S is said to be multiplicatively closed if a,b in S implies that ab in S.

A prime field is a finite field GF(p) for p is prime.

A point at which two noncrossing branches of a curve meet with different tangents.

The probability that a statistical test will be positive for a true statistic.

The sinc function sinc(x), also called the "sampling function," is a function that arises frequently in signal processing and the theory of Fourier transforms. The full name ...

Stirling's approximation gives an approximate value for the factorial function n! or the gamma function Gamma(n) for n>>1. The approximation can most simply be derived for n ...

A hypergeometric identity discovered by Ramanujan around 1910. From Hardy (1999, pp. 13 and 102-103), (1) where a^((n))=a(a+1)...(a+n-1) (2) is the rising factorial (a.k.a. ...

Eigenvalues are a special set of scalars associated with a linear system of equations (i.e., a matrix equation) that are sometimes also known as characteristic roots, ...