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A matrix is ill-conditioned if the condition number is too large (and singular if it is infinite).

An inflection point is a point on a curve at which the sign of the curvature (i.e., the concavity) changes. Inflection points may be stationary points, but are not local ...

Let f be a function defined on a set A and taking values in a set B. Then f is said to be an injection (or injective map, or embedding) if, whenever f(x)=f(y), it must be the ...

The problem of determining how many nonattacking kings can be placed on an n×n chessboard. For n=8, the solution is 16, as illustrated above (Madachy 1979). In general, the ...

The kiss surface is the quintic surface of revolution given by the equation x^2+y^2=(1-z)z^4 (1) that is closely related to the ding-dong surface. It is so named because the ...

A theorem which plays a fundamental role in computer science because it is one of the main tools for showing that certain orderings on trees are well-founded. These orderings ...

An irregular dodecagonal cross in the shape of a dagger |. The six faces of a cube can be cut along seven edges and unfolded into a Latin cross (i.e., the Latin cross is the ...

A surface of revolution defined by Kepler. It consists of less than half of a circular arc rotated about an axis passing through the endpoints of the arc. The equations of ...

A level set in two dimensions. Phase curves are sometimes also known as level curves (Tabor 1989, p. 14).

The limaçon trisectrix is a trisectrix that is a special case of the rose curve with n=1/3 (possibly with translation, rotation, and scaling). It was studied by Archimedes, ...