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The gnomonic projection is a nonconformal map projection obtained by projecting points P_1 (or P_2) on the surface of sphere from a sphere's center O to point P in a plane ...

Householder (1953) first considered the matrix that now bears his name in the first couple of pages of his book. A Householder matrix for a real vector v can be implemented ...

The invertible matrix theorem is a theorem in linear algebra which gives a series of equivalent conditions for an n×n square matrix A to have an inverse. In particular, A is ...

Let R[z]>0, 0<=alpha,beta<=1, and Lambda(alpha,beta,z)=sum_(r=0)^infty[lambda((r+alpha)z-ibeta)+lambda((r+1-alpha)z+ibeta)], (1) where lambda(x) = -ln(1-e^(-2pix)) (2) = ...

The Minkowski metric, also called the Minkowski tensor or pseudo-Riemannian metric, is a tensor eta_(alphabeta) whose elements are defined by the matrix (eta)_(alphabeta)=[-1 ...

The group Gamma of all Möbius transformations of the form tau^'=(atau+b)/(ctau+d), (1) where a, b, c, and d are integers with ad-bc=1. The group can be represented by the 2×2 ...

A beautiful general theorem of which the following two statements are special cases (Coxeter and Greitzer 1967, pp. 99-100). 1. If DeltaABC and DeltaA^'B^'C^' are two ...

If f:D->Y is a map (a.k.a. function, transformation, etc.) over a domain D, then the range of f, also called the image of D under f, is defined as the set of all values that ...

Spinor fields describing particles of zero rest mass satisfy the so-called zero rest mass equations. Examples of zero rest mass particles include the neutrino (a fermion) and ...

A conformal mapping, also called a conformal map, conformal transformation, angle-preserving transformation, or biholomorphic map, is a transformation w=f(z) that preserves ...