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The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

Let f:R×R->R be a one-parameter family of C^3 maps satisfying f(-x,mu)=-f(x,mu) (1) (partialf)/(partialx)|_(mu=0, x=0)=0 (2) (partial^2f)/(partialxpartialmu)|_(mu=0, x=0)>0 ...

A second-order partial differential equation arising in physics, del ^2psi=-4pirho. If rho=0, it reduces to Laplace's equation. It is also related to the Helmholtz ...

For a polynomial P=sum_(k=0)^na_kz^k, (1) several classes of norms are commonly defined. The l_p-norm is defined as ||P||_p=(sum_(k=0)^n|a_k|^p)^(1/p) (2) for p>=1, giving ...

A short exact sequence of groups A, B, and C is given by two maps alpha:A->B and beta:B->C and is written 0->A->B->C->0. (1) Because it is an exact sequence, alpha is ...

Let f:R×R->R be a one-parameter family of C^2 maps satisfying f(0,mu)=0 (1) [(partialf)/(partialx)]_(mu=0,x=0)=0 (2) [(partial^2f)/(partialxpartialmu)]_(0,0)>0 (3) ...

The interior of the triangle is the set of all points inside a triangle, i.e., the set of all points in the convex hull of the triangle's vertices. The simplest way to ...

Consider three squares erected externally on the sides of a triangle DeltaABC. Call the centers of these squares O_A, O_B, and O_C, respectively. Then the lines AO_A, BO_B, ...

A magic square is a square array of numbers consisting of the distinct positive integers 1, 2, ..., n^2 arranged such that the sum of the n numbers in any horizontal, ...

Let S be a collection of subsets of a set X, mu:S->[0,infty] a set function, and mu^* the outer measure induced by mu. The measure mu^_ that is the restriction of mu^* to the ...