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An elliptic curve of the form y^2=x^3+n for n an integer. This equation has a finite number of solutions in integers for all nonzero n. If (x,y) is a solution, it therefore ...

A second-order algebraic surface given by the general equation (1) Quadratic surfaces are also called quadrics, and there are 17 standard-form types. A quadratic surface ...

The word quadrature has (at least) three incompatible meanings. Integration by quadrature either means solving an integral analytically (i.e., symbolically in terms of known ...

The real projective plane is the closed topological manifold, denoted RP^2, that is obtained by projecting the points of a plane E from a fixed point P (not on the plane), ...

When discussing a rotation, there are two possible conventions: rotation of the axes, and rotation of the object relative to fixed axes. In R^2, consider the matrix that ...

Abstractly, a spatial configuration F is said to possess rotational symmetry if F remains invariant under the group C=C(F). Here, C(F) denotes the group of rotations of F and ...

The total number of contravariant and covariant indices of a tensor. The rank R of a tensor is independent of the number of dimensions N of the underlying space. An intuitive ...

The phrase Tomita-Takesaki theory refers to a specific collection of results proven within the field of functional analysis regarding the theory of modular Hilbert algebras ...

The Wallis formula follows from the infinite product representation of the sine sinx=xproduct_(n=1)^infty(1-(x^2)/(pi^2n^2)). (1) Taking x=pi/2 gives ...

A dozen dozen, also called a gross. 144 is a square number and a sum-product number.