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Spinor fields describing particles of zero rest mass satisfy the so-called zero rest mass equations. Examples of zero rest mass particles include the neutrino (a fermion) and ...

Let a random n×n (0,1)-matrix have entries which are 1 (with probability p) or 0 (with probability q=1-p) and numbers are assigned to the edges of a grid. A b-cluster is an ...

The h-statistic h_r is the unique symmetric unbiased estimator for a central moment of a distribution <h_r>=mu_r. (1) In addition, the variance var(h_r)=<(h_r-mu_r)^2> (2) is ...

Graphs corresponding to closed walks of length k are known as k-cyclic graphs, or C_k-graphs for short. C_k-graphs are connected by definition. The numbers of C_k-graphs for ...

In general, the external similitude center of two circles C_1=C(x_1,r_1) and C_2=C(x_2,r_2) with centers given in Cartesian coordinates is given by ...

An amicable pair (m,n) consists of two integers m,n for which the sum of proper divisors (the divisors excluding the number itself) of one number equals the other. Amicable ...

A finite group G has a finite number of conjugacy classes and a finite number of distinct irreducible representations. The group character of a group representation is ...

In the above figure, let E be the intersection of AD and BC and specify that AB∥EF∥CD. Then 1/(AB)+1/(CD)=1/(EF). A beautiful related theorem due to H. Stengel can be stated ...

The 9.1.2 equation A^9=B^9+C^9 (1) is a special case of Fermat's last theorem with n=9, and so has no solution. No 9.1.3, 9.1.4, 9.1.5, 9.1.6, 9.1.7, 9.1.8, or 9.1.9 ...

A Mersenne prime is a Mersenne number, i.e., a number of the form M_n=2^n-1, that is prime. In order for M_n to be prime, n must itself be prime. This is true since for ...