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Wells Graph


WellsGraph

The Wells graph, sometimes also called the Armanios-Wells graph, is a quintic graph on 32 nodes and 80 edges that is the unique distance-regular graph with intersection array {5,4,1,1;1,1,4,5}. It is also distance-transitive. It is illustrated above in a number of non-LCF embeddings.

WellsGraphLCF

The Wells graph possesses at least 2 order-8 LCF embeddings, 9 of order 4, and 3 bilaterally symmetric of order 2, as illustrated above.

It has graph diameter 4, girth 5, graph radius 4, and is Hamiltonian and nonplanar. It has chromatic number 4, edge connectivity 5, and vertex connectivity 5.

The Wells graph can be constructed as follows (Brouwer et al. 1989, p. 266). Label the vertices of a dodecahedral graph with ordered pairs ij with 1<=i,j<=5 and i!=j such that the vertex labeled ij is at graph distance 3 from the vertices labeled ik and kj for all 1<=k<=5 with k!=i,j. Now add 12 new vertices labeled infty^+/- and i^+/- for i=1, ..., 5 and join infty^+/- to all i^+/-, i^+ to ij, and i^- to ji (with j!=i). The resulting graph is the Wells graph.

The Wells graph is a double cover of the complement of the Clebsch graph (Brouwer et al. 1989, p. 266), i.e., of the halved cube graph Q_((2))^5.

The Wells graph is also its own graph distance-3 graph.

It has graph spectrum (-3)^5(-sqrt(5))^81^(10)(sqrt(5))^85^1 (van Dam and Haemers 2003).

E. Spence (private communication reported in van Dam and Haemers 2003) found exactly three graphs with the spectrum of the Wells graph by an exhaustive computer search. These graphs have each been rediscovered independently for different reasons (Araujo-Pardo and Leemans 2022; Cambie et al. 2025) and may be termed the Brussels graph (E. Weisstein, Nov. 6, 2025) and Spence graph (E. Weisstein, Nov. 6, 2025), respectively.

The Wells graph is implemented in the Wolfram Language as GraphData["WellsGraph"].


See also

Brussels Graph, Distance-Regular Graph, Quintic Graph, Spence Graph

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References

Araujo-Pardo, G. and Leemans, D. "Edge-Girth-Regular Graphs Arising From Biaffine Planes and Suzuki Groups." Disc. Math. 345, 112991, 2022.Armanios, C. "Symmetric Graphs and Their Automorphism Groups." Ph.D. thesis. Perth, Australia: University of Western Australia, 1981.Armanios, C. "A New 5-Valent Distance Transitive Graph." Ars Combin. 19A, 77-85, 1985.Brouwer, A. E. "Armanios-Wells Graph." http://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/drg/graphs/Wells.html.Brouwer, A. E.; Cohen, A. M.; and Neumaier, A. "Covers of Cubes and Folded Cubes--The Wells Graph." §9.2E in Distance Regular Graphs. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 266-267, 1989.Cambie, S.; Goedgebeur, J.; Jooken, J.; and Van den Eede, T. "On the Order-Diameter Ratio of Girth-Diameter Cages." Unpublished manuscript. 2025.DistanceRegular.org. "Armanios-Wells Graph." https://www.math.mun.ca/distanceregular/graphs//armanios-wells.html.van Dam, E. R. and Haemers, W. H. "Spectral Characterizations of Some Distance-Regular Graphs." J. Algebraic Combin. 15, 189-202, 2003.Wells, A. L. "Regular Generalized Switching Classes and Related Topics." Ph.D. thesis. Oxford, England: University of Oxford, 1983.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Wells Graph

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Wells Graph." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/WellsGraph.html

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