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There are six Painlevé transcendents, corresponding to second-order ordinary differential equations whose only movable singularities are ordinary poles and which cannot be ...

A set of two numbers or objects linked in some way is said to be a pair. The pair a and b is usually denoted (a, b), and is generally considered to be ordered, making it a ...

The pair group of a group G is the group that acts on the 2-subsets of {1,...,p} whose permutations are induced by G. Pair groups can be calculated using PairGroup[g] in the ...

Given any set B, the associated pair groupoid is the set B×B with the maps alpha(a,b)=a and beta(a,b)=b, and multiplication (a,b)·(b,c)=(a,c). The inverse is ...

Given an amicable pair (m,n), the quantity sigma(m) = sigma(n) (1) = =s(m)+s(n) (2) = m+n (3) is called the pair sum, where sigma(n) is the divisor function and s(n) is the ...

Given two paired sets X_i and Y_i of n measured values, the paired t-test determines whether they differ from each other in a significant way under the assumptions that the ...

A pairing function is a function that reversibly maps Z^*×Z^* onto Z^*, where Z^*={0,1,2,...} denotes nonnegative integers. Pairing functions arise naturally in the ...

The term pairwise refers to taking all unordered 2-subsets of a given set. For example, the pairwise products of the set {a,b,c} are ab, ac, and bc.

The Paley class of a positive integer m=0 (mod 4) is defined as the set of all possible quadruples (k,e,q,n) where m=2^e(q^n+1), (1) q is an odd prime, and k={0 if q=0; 1 if ...

Hadamard matrices H_n can be constructed using finite field GF(p^m) when p=4l-1 and m is odd. Pick a representation r relatively prime to p. Then by coloring white ...