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Let X be a set of urelements, and let V(^*X) be an enlargement of the superstructure V(X). Let A in V(X) be a finitary algebra with finitely many fundamental operations. Then ...

A factor is a portion of a quantity, usually an integer or polynomial that, when multiplied by other factors, gives the entire quantity. The determination of factors is ...

The first few values of product_(k=1)^(n)k! (known as a superfactorial) for n=1, 2, ... are given by 1, 2, 12, 288, 34560, 24883200, ... (OEIS A000178). The first few ...

The first practical algorithm for determining if there exist integers a_i for given real numbers x_i such that a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=0, or else establish bounds within ...

Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...

Given a number n, Fermat's factorization methods look for integers x and y such that n=x^2-y^2. Then n=(x-y)(x+y) (1) and n is factored. A modified form of this observation ...

The point F at which the incircle and nine-point circle are tangent. It has triangle center function alpha=1-cos(B-C) (1) and is Kimberling center X_(11). If F is the ...

The locus of the centers of all circumconics that also pass through the orthocenter of a triangle (which, when not degenerate, are rectangular hyperbolas) is a circle through ...

The W polynomials obtained by setting p(x)=x and q(x)=1 in the Lucas polynomial sequence. (The corresponding w polynomials are called Lucas polynomials.) They have explicit ...

Given a first-order ordinary differential equation (dy)/(dx)=F(x,y), (1) if F(x,y) can be expressed using separation of variables as F(x,y)=X(x)Y(y), (2) then the equation ...