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For every dimension n>0, the orthogonal group O(n) is the group of n×n orthogonal matrices. These matrices form a group because they are closed under multiplication and ...

Consider a set A_n={a_1,a_2,...,a_n} of n positive integer-denomination postage stamps sorted such that 1=a_1<a_2<...<a_n. Suppose they are to be used on an envelope with ...

The word "surface" is an important term in mathematics and is used in many ways. The most common and straightforward use of the word is to denote a two-dimensional ...

An operator defined on a set S which takes two elements from S as inputs and returns a single element of S. Binary operators are called compositions by Rosenfeld (1968). Sets ...

If n=1,2 (mod 4), and the squarefree part of n is divisible by a prime p=3 (mod 4), then no difference set of order n exists. Equivalently, if a projective plane of order n ...

If V and W are Banach spaces and T:V->W is a bounded linear operator, the T is said to be a compact operator if it maps the unit ball of V into a relatively compact subset of ...

Given a set of linear equations {a_1x+b_1y+c_1z=d_1; a_2x+b_2y+c_2z=d_2; a_3x+b_3y+c_3z=d_3, (1) consider the determinant D=|a_1 b_1 c_1; a_2 b_2 c_2; a_3 b_3 c_3|. (2) Now ...

For any alpha in A (where A denotes the set of algebraic numbers), let |alpha|^_ denote the maximum of moduli of all conjugates of alpha. Then a function ...

A cycle of a finite group G is a minimal set of elements {A^0,A^1,...,A^n} such that A^0=A^n=I, where I is the identity element. A diagram of a group showing every cycle in ...

A family of operators mapping each space M_k of modular forms onto itself. For a fixed integer k and any positive integer n, the Hecke operator T_n is defined on the set M_k ...