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A cyclotomic field Q(zeta) is obtained by adjoining a primitive root of unity zeta, say zeta^n=1, to the rational numbers Q. Since zeta is primitive, zeta^k is also an nth ...

Let the divisor function d(n) be the number of divisors of n (including n itself). For a prime p, d(p)=2. In general, sum_(k=1)^nd(k)=nlnn+(2gamma-1)n+O(n^theta), where gamma ...

The Dirichlet eta function is the function eta(s) defined by eta(s) = sum_(k=1)^(infty)((-1)^(k-1))/(k^s) (1) = (1-2^(1-s))zeta(s), (2) where zeta(s) is the Riemann zeta ...

Given a sequence {a_n}_(n=1)^infty, a formal power series f(s) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)(a_n)/(n^s) (1) = a_1+(a_2)/(2^s)+(a_3)/(3^s)+... (2) is called the Dirichlet generating ...

A Dirichlet L-series is a series of the form L_k(s,chi)=sum_(n=1)^inftychi_k(n)n^(-s), (1) where the number theoretic character chi_k(n) is an integer function with period k, ...

The Dirichlet lambda function lambda(x) is the Dirichlet L-series defined by lambda(x) = sum_(n=0)^(infty)1/((2n+1)^x) (1) = (1-2^(-x))zeta(x), (2) where zeta(x) is the ...

For any alpha in A (where A denotes the set of algebraic numbers), let |alpha|^_ denote the maximum of moduli of all conjugates of alpha. Then a function ...

Let c_k be the number of edge covers of a graph G of size k. Then the edge cover polynomial E_G(x) is defined by E_G(x)=sum_(k=0)^mc_kx^k, (1) where m is the edge count of G ...

E(a,b)/p denotes the elliptic group modulo p whose elements are 1 and infty together with the pairs of integers (x,y) with 0<=x,y<p satisfying y^2=x^3+ax+b (mod p) (1) with a ...

The Diophantine equation sum_(j=1)^(m-1)j^n=m^n. Erdős conjectured that there is no solution to this equation other than the trivial solution 1^1+2^1=3^1, although this ...