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A set X is said to be nowhere dense if the interior of the set closure of X is the empty set. For example, the Cantor set is nowhere dense. There exist nowhere dense sets of ...

An operator A:f^((n))(I)|->f(I) assigns to every function f in f^((n))(I) a function A(f) in f(I). It is therefore a mapping between two function spaces. If the range is on ...

An outlier is an observation that lies outside the overall pattern of a distribution (Moore and McCabe 1999). Usually, the presence of an outlier indicates some sort of ...

If a function has a Fourier series given by f(x)=1/2a_0+sum_(n=1)^inftya_ncos(nx)+sum_(n=1)^inftyb_nsin(nx), (1) then Bessel's inequality becomes an equality known as ...

The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

A piecewise linear function is a function composed of some number of linear segments defined over an equal number of intervals, usually of equal size. For example, consider ...

If the vertices A, B, and C of triangle DeltaABC lie on sides QR, RP, and PQ of the triangle DeltaPQR, then the three circumcircles CBP, ACQ, and BAR have a common point X. ...

The Poisson sum formula is a special case of the general result sum_(-infty)^inftyf(x+n)=sum_(k=-infty)^inftye^(2piikx)int_(-infty)^inftyf(x^')e^(-2piikx^')dx^' (1) with x=0, ...

A set A of integers is productive if there exists a partial recursive function f such that, for any x, the following holds: If the domain of phi_x is a subset of A, then f(x) ...

A subfield which is strictly smaller than the field in which it is contained. The field of rationals Q is a proper subfield of the field of real numbers R which, in turn, is ...