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The second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+g(y)y^('2)+f(x)y^'=0 (1) is called Liouville's equation (Goldstein and Braun 1973; Zwillinger 1997, p. 124), as are the ...

States that for a nondissipative Hamiltonian system, phase space density (the area between phase space contours) is constant. This requires that, given a small time increment ...

The symbol o(x), pronounced "little-O of x," is one of the Landau symbols and is used to symbolically express the asymptotic behavior of a given function. In particular, if n ...

The lituus is an Archimedean spiral with n=-2, having polar equation r^2theta=a^2. (1) Lituus means a "crook," in the sense of a bishop's crosier. The lituus curve originated ...

The Livingstone graph is a distance-transitive graph on 266 vertices defined in terms of the Janko group J_1. It has intersection array {11,10,6,1;1,1,5,11}. The Livingstone ...

lnx is the notation used in physics and engineering to denote the logarithm to base e, also called the natural logarithm, i.e., lnx=log_ex. The United States Department of ...

The unique magic square of order three. The Lo Shu is an associative magic square, but not a panmagic square.

The term "lobster" is used to refer either to a particular polyiamond or to a class of tree called a lobster graph. When referring to polyiamonds, the lobster is the ...

A mathematical property P holds locally if P is true near every point. In many different areas of mathematics, this notion is very useful. For instance, the sphere, and more ...

There are no fewer than three distinct notions of the term local C^*-algebra used throughout functional analysis. A normed algebra A=(A,|·|_A) is said to be a local ...