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The theorem of Möbius tetrads, also simply called Möbius's theorem by Baker (1925, p. 18), may be stated as follows. Let P_1, P_2, P_3, and P_4 be four arbitrary points in a ...

The word multiplicity is a general term meaning "the number of values for which a given condition holds." For example, the term is used to refer to the value of the totient ...

A noble number nu is defined as an irrational number having a continued fraction that becomes an infinite sequence of 1s at some point, nu=[0,a_1,a_2,...,a_n,1^_]. The ...

In elementary geometry, orthogonal is the same as perpendicular. Two lines or curves are orthogonal if they are perpendicular at their point of intersection. Two vectors v ...

An auxiliary latitude also called the reduced latitude and denoted eta or theta. It gives the latitude on a sphere of radius a for which the parallel has the same radius as ...

The set of all lines through a point. The term was first used by Desargues (Cremona 1960, p. x). The six angles of any pencils of four rays O{ABCD} are connected by the ...

Let f:R×R->R be a one-parameter family of C^3 maps satisfying f(-x,mu)=-f(x,mu) (1) (partialf)/(partialx)|_(mu=0, x=0)=0 (2) (partial^2f)/(partialxpartialmu)|_(mu=0, x=0)>0 ...

The unique nonnegative square root of a nonnegative real number. For example, the principal square root of 9 is 3, although both -3 and 3 are square roots of 9. The concept ...

A number of the form +/-sqrt(a), where a is a positive rational number which is not the square of another rational number is called a pure quadratic surd. A number of the ...

The radius of curvature is given by R=1/(|kappa|), (1) where kappa is the curvature. At a given point on a curve, R is the radius of the osculating circle. The symbol rho is ...