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The zenith angle is an angle measured from the z-axis in spherical coordinates, denoted phi in this work. It is also known as the polar angle and colatitude.

A Bland-Altman plot is a data plotting method which simultaneously presents data sets from two different tests in a way that allows for easier determination of whether the ...

The Cauchy distribution, also called the Lorentzian distribution or Lorentz distribution, is a continuous distribution describing resonance behavior. It also describes the ...

A conic projection of points on a unit sphere centered at O consists of extending the line OS for each point S until it intersects a cone with apex A which tangent to the ...

There are several commonly used methods of defining the slippery, but extremely important, concept of a continuous function (which, depending on context, may also be called a ...

There are several types of integrals which go under the name of a "Dirichlet integral." The integral D[u]=int_Omega|del u|^2dV (1) appears in Dirichlet's principle. The ...

A curve also known as the Gerono lemniscate. It is given by Cartesian coordinates x^4=a^2(x^2-y^2), (1) polar coordinates, r^2=a^2sec^4thetacos(2theta), (2) and parametric ...

A giraffe graph is a graph formed by all possible moves of a hypothetical chess piece called a "giraffe" which moves analogously to a knight except that it is restricted to ...

The first and second isodynamic points of a triangle DeltaABC can be constructed by drawing the triangle's angle bisectors and exterior angle bisectors. Each pair of ...

An operation on rings and modules. Given a commutative unit ring R, and a subset S of R, closed under multiplication, such that 1 in S, and 0 not in S, the localization of R ...