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The convexity coefficient chi(D) of a region D is the probability that the line segment connecting two random points in D is contained entirely within D. For a convex region, ...

The dihedral group D_6 gives the group of symmetries of a regular hexagon. The group generators are given by a counterclockwise rotation through pi/3 radians and reflection ...

An n-dimensional disk (sometimes spelled "disc") of radius r is the collection of points of distance <=r (closed disk) or <r (open disk) from a fixed point in Euclidean ...

A metatheorem stating that every theorem on partially ordered sets remains true if all inequalities are reversed. In this operation, supremum must be replaced by infimum, ...

In geometry, an endpoint is one of the two points at the boundary of a line segment. In analysis, an endpoint is one of the two points at the boundary of a closed interval or ...

Let M^n be an n-manifold and let F={F_alpha} denote a partition of M^n into disjoint pathwise-connected subsets. Then F is called a foliation of M^n of codimension c (with ...

Any locally compact Hausdorff topological group has a unique (up to scalars) nonzero left invariant measure which is finite on compact sets. If the group is Abelian or ...

The word "harmonic" has several distinct meanings in mathematics, none of which is obviously related to the others. Simple harmonic motion or "harmonic oscillation" refers to ...

An O(nlgn) sorting algorithm which is not quite as fast as quicksort. It is a "sort-in-place" algorithm and requires no auxiliary storage, which makes it particularly concise ...

A property that passes from a topological space to every subspace with respect to the relative topology. Examples are first and second countability, metrizability, the ...