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Homogeneous coordinates (x_1,x_2,x_3) of a finite point (x,y) in the plane are any three numbers for which (x_1)/(x_3)=x (1) (x_2)/(x_3)=y. (2) Coordinates (x_1,x_2,0) for ...

One of the three standard tori given by the parametric equations x = a(1+cosv)cosu (1) y = a(1+cosv)sinu (2) z = asinv, (3) corresponding to the torus with a=c. It has ...

A root-finding algorithm based on the iteration formula x_(n+1)=x_n-(f(x_n))/(f^'(x_n)){1+(f(x_n)f^('')(x_n))/(2[f^'(x_n)]^2)}. This method, like Newton's method, has poor ...

By analogy with the lemniscate functions, hyperbolic lemniscate functions can also be defined arcsinhlemnx = int_0^x(1+t^4)^(1/2)dt (1) = x_2F_1(-1/2,1/4;5/4;-x^4) (2) ...

Implicit differentiation is the procedure of differentiating an implicit equation with respect to the desired variable x while treating the other variables as unspecified ...

There are at least two distinct notions of an intensity function related to the theory of point processes. In some literature, the intensity lambda of a point process N is ...

The inverse Gaussian distribution, also known as the Wald distribution, is the distribution over [0,infty) with probability density function and distribution function given ...

The Knödel graph W_(Delta,n) is a regular bipartite graph of vertex degree Delta on n nodes for even n>=2 and 1<=Delta<=|_log_2n_| with edges defined as follows. Label the ...

Generalizing from a straight line (i.e., first degree polynomial) to a kth degree polynomial y=a_0+a_1x+...+a_kx^k, (1) the residual is given by ...

The Lorenz curve is used in economics and ecology to describe inequality in wealth or size. The Lorenz curve is a function of the cumulative proportion of ordered individuals ...