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Angle trisection is the division of an arbitrary angle into three equal angles. It was one of the three geometric problems of antiquity for which solutions using only compass ...

A general n-gonal antiprism is a polyhedron consisting of identical top and bottom n-gonal faces whose periphery is bounded by a band of 2n triangles with alternating up-down ...

There are four completely different definitions of the so-called Apollonius circles: 1. The set of all points whose distances from two fixed points are in a constant ratio ...

Given three objects, each of which may be a point, line, or circle, draw a circle that is tangent to each. There are a total of ten cases. The two easiest involve three ...

The arithmetic mean of a set of values is the quantity commonly called "the" mean or the average. Given a set of samples {x_i}, the arithmetic mean is x^_=1/Nsum_(i=1)^Nx_i. ...

A 4-cusped hypocycloid which is sometimes also called a tetracuspid, cubocycloid, or paracycle. The parametric equations of the astroid can be obtained by plugging in n=a/b=4 ...

Augmentation is the dual operation of truncation which replaces the faces of a polyhedron with pyramids of height h (where h may be positive, zero, or negative) having the ...

There are two definitions of Bernoulli polynomials in use. The nth Bernoulli polynomial is denoted here by B_n(x) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972), and the archaic form of the ...

The beta function B(p,q) is the name used by Legendre and Whittaker and Watson (1990) for the beta integral (also called the Eulerian integral of the first kind). It is ...

The conjugate gradient method is not suitable for nonsymmetric systems because the residual vectors cannot be made orthogonal with short recurrences, as proved in Voevodin ...