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A functional graph is a directed graph in which each vertex has outdegree one, and can therefore be specified by a function mapping {1,...,n} onto itself. Functional graphs ...

A function between categories which maps objects to objects and morphisms to morphisms. Functors exist in both covariant and contravariant types.

The canonical generator of the nonvanishing homology group on a topological manifold.

Given two univariate polynomials of the same order whose first p coefficients (but not the first p-1) are 0 where the coefficients of the second approach the corresponding ...

An integer d is a fundamental discriminant if it is not equal to 1, not divisible by any square of any odd prime, and satisfies d=1 (mod 4) or d=8,12 (mod 16). The function ...

Let G be a group and S be a topological G-set. Then a closed subset F of S is called a fundamental domain of G in S if S is the union of conjugates of F, i.e., S= union _(g ...

There are three types of so-called fundamental forms. The most important are the first and second (since the third can be expressed in terms of these). The fundamental forms ...

The fundamental group of an arcwise-connected set X is the group formed by the sets of equivalence classes of the set of all loops, i.e., paths with initial and final points ...

If M is continuous and int_a^bM(x)h(x)dx=0 for all infinitely differentiable h(x), then M(x)=0 on the open interval (a,b).

Given a real m×n matrix A, there are four associated vector subspaces which are known colloquially as its fundamental subspaces, namely the column spaces and the null spaces ...