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For some authors (e.g., Bourbaki, 1964), the same as principal ideal domain. Most authors, however, do not require the ring to be an integral domain, and define a principal ...

The probability density function (PDF) P(x) of a continuous distribution is defined as the derivative of the (cumulative) distribution function D(x), D^'(x) = ...

A projection matrix P is an n×n square matrix that gives a vector space projection from R^n to a subspace W. The columns of P are the projections of the standard basis ...

The wave equation in prolate spheroidal coordinates is del ...

A quartic symmetric graph is a symmetric graph that is also quartic (i.e., regular of degree 4). The numbers of symmetric quartic graphs on n=1, 2, ... are 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, ...

Quasi-Monte Carlo integration is a method of numerical integration that operates in the same way as Monte Carlo integration, but instead uses sequences of quasirandom numbers ...

A quasiregular polyhedron is the solid region interior to two dual regular polyhedra with Schläfli symbols {p,q} and {q,p}. Quasiregular polyhedra are denoted using a ...

A quintic nonhamiltonian graph is a quintic graph that is nonhamiltonian. A number of such graphs are illustrated above. Owens (1980) showed that there exists a ...

The limiting rabbit sequence written as a binary fraction 0.1011010110110..._2 (OEIS A005614), where b_2 denotes a binary number (a number in base-2). The decimal value is ...

A sequence which arises in the hypothetical reproduction of a population of rabbits. Let the substitution system map 0->1 correspond to young rabbits growing old, and 1->10 ...