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The finite difference is the discrete analog of the derivative. The finite forward difference of a function f_p is defined as Deltaf_p=f_(p+1)-f_p, (1) and the finite ...

Percolation, the fundamental notion at the heart of percolation theory, is a difficult idea to define precisely though it is quite easy to describe qualitatively. From the ...

If A moves along a known curve, then P describes a pursuit curve if P is always directed toward A and A and P move with uniform velocities. Pursuit curves were considered in ...

How can n points be distributed on a unit sphere such that they maximize the minimum distance between any pair of points? This maximum distance is called the covering radius, ...

The truncated great dodecahedral graph is the skeleton of the small stellated truncated dodecahedron and truncated great dodecahedron. It is illustrated above in a number of ...

The ratio of two independent estimates of the variance of a normal distribution.

Klee's identity is the binomial sum sum_(k=0)^n(-1)^k(n; k)(n+k; m)=(-1)^n(n; m-n), where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient. For m=0, 1, ... and n=0, 1,..., the following ...

Consider the probability Q_1(n,d) that no two people out of a group of n will have matching birthdays out of d equally possible birthdays. Start with an arbitrary person's ...

The number of ways of partitioning a set of n elements into m nonempty sets (i.e., m set blocks), also called a Stirling set number. For example, the set {1,2,3} can be ...

Involving two variables, as opposed to many (multivariate), or one (univariate).