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The axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory which asserts the existence of a set containing all the natural numbers, exists x(emptyset in x ^ forall y in x(y^' in x)), where ...

The Bôcher Memorial Prize is awarded by the American Mathematical Society every five years for notable research in analysis that has appeared in a recognized North American ...

An apodization function, also called the Hann function, frequently used to reduce leakage in discrete Fourier transforms. The illustrations above show the Hanning function, ...

The fundamental theorem of game theory which states that every finite, zero-sum, two-person game has optimal mixed strategies. It was proved by John von Neumann in 1928. ...

A two-dimensional binary (k=2) totalistic cellular automaton with a von Neumann neighborhood of range r=1. It has a birth rule that at least 2 of its 4 neighbors are alive, ...

A merge sort (or collation sort) is the combination of two or more ordered lists into a single ordered list (Knuth 1998, p. 158). Merge sorting was one of the first methods ...

A cellular automaton is a collection of "colored" cells on a grid of specified shape that evolves through a number of discrete time steps according to a set of rules based on ...

A universal cellular automaton is a cellular automaton which, like a Turing machine, exhibits universality. von Neumann proved that an automaton consisting of cells with four ...

Replacing the logistic equation (dx)/(dt)=rx(1-x) (1) with the quadratic recurrence equation x_(n+1)=rx_n(1-x_n), (2) where r (sometimes also denoted mu) is a positive ...

Probability is the branch of mathematics that studies the possible outcomes of given events together with the outcomes' relative likelihoods and distributions. In common ...