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Li's criterion states that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the statement that, for lambda_n=1/((n-1)!)(d^n)/(ds^n)[s^(n-1)lnxi(s)]|_(s=1), (1) where xi(s) is the ...

Let P, Q be integers satisfying D=P^2-4Q>0. (1) Then roots of x^2-Px+Q=0 (2) are a = 1/2(P+sqrt(D)) (3) b = 1/2(P-sqrt(D)), (4) so a+b = P (5) ab = 1/4(P^2-D) (6) = Q (7) a-b ...

(d^2V)/(dv^2)+[a-2qcos(2v)]V=0 (1) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972; Zwillinger 1997, p. 125), having solution y=C_1C(a,q,v)+C_2S(a,q,v), (2) where C(a,q,v) and S(a,q,v) are ...

The product C of two matrices A and B is defined as c_(ik)=a_(ij)b_(jk), (1) where j is summed over for all possible values of i and k and the notation above uses the ...

The Mellin transform is the integral transform defined by phi(z) = int_0^inftyt^(z-1)f(t)dt (1) f(t) = 1/(2pii)int_(c-iinfty)^(c+iinfty)t^(-z)phi(z)dz. (2) It is implemented ...

An algorithm for finding the nearest local minimum of a function which presupposes that the gradient of the function can be computed. The method of steepest descent, also ...

Mills' theorem states that there exists a real constant A such that |_A^(3^n)_| is prime for all positive integers n (Mills 1947). While for each value of c>=2.106, there are ...

A function I_n(x) which is one of the solutions to the modified Bessel differential equation and is closely related to the Bessel function of the first kind J_n(x). The above ...

A modified spherical Bessel function of the first kind (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972), also called a "spherical modified Bessel function of the first kind" (Arfken 1985), is ...

A modified spherical Bessel function of the second kind, also called a "spherical modified Bessel function of the first kind" (Arfken 1985) or (regrettably) a "modified ...