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A generalized quadrangle is a generalized polygon of order 4. An order-(s,t) generalized quadrangle contains s+1 points in each line and has t+1 lines through every point, ...

The inverse tangent is the multivalued function tan^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arctanz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 311; ...

A random number is a number chosen as if by chance from some specified distribution such that selection of a large set of these numbers reproduces the underlying ...

The term "bundle" is an abbreviated form of the full term fiber bundle. Depending on context, it may mean one of the special cases of fiber bundles, such as a vector bundle ...

Given a complete graph K_n which is two-colored, the number of forced monochromatic triangles is at least {1/3u(u-1)(u-2) for n=2u; 2/3u(u-1)(4u+1) for n=4u+1; ...

The tetragonal trapezohedron is the dual of the square antiprism. For a square antiprism with unit edge lengths, the edge lengths of the corresponding tetragonal ...

Chvátal defines the term hole to mean "a chordless cycle of length at least four." The restriction "of length at least four" allows use of the term "hole" regardless of if ...

A state diagram is a labeled directed graph together with state information that can be used to indicate that certain paths on in a system may be traversed only in a certain ...

A hexahedron is a polyhedron with six faces. The figure above shows a number of named hexahedra, in particular the acute golden rhombohedron, cube, cuboid, hemicube, ...

The Icosian game, also called the Hamiltonian game (Ball and Coxeter 1987, p. 262), is the problem of finding a Hamiltonian cycle along the edges of an dodecahedron, i.e., a ...