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A positive matrix is a real or integer matrix (a)_(ij) for which each matrix element is a positive number, i.e., a_(ij)>0 for all i, j. Positive matrices are therefore a ...

An irreducible algebraic integer which has the property that, if it divides the product of two algebraic integers, then it divides at least one of the factors. 1 and -1 are ...

A circle surrounded by a square looks larger than the same circle surrounding a square.

A zero vector, denoted 0, is a vector of length 0, and thus has all components equal to zero. It is the additive identity of the additive group of vectors.

The symbol used by engineers and some physicists to denote i, the imaginary number sqrt(-1). j is probably preferred over i because the symbol i (or I) is commonly used to ...

What is the probability that a chord drawn at random on a circle of radius r (i.e., circle line picking) has length >=r (or sometimes greater than or equal to the side length ...

From the point of view of coordinate charts, the notion of tangent space is quite simple. The tangent space consists of all directions, or velocities, a particle can take. In ...

A circle packing is an arrangement of circles inside a given boundary such that no two overlap and some (or all) of them are mutually tangent. The generalization to spheres ...

A rational number expressed in the form a/b (in-line notation) or a/b (traditional "display" notation), where a is called the numerator and b is called the denominator. When ...

Solving the nome q for the parameter m gives m(q) = (theta_2^4(q))/(theta_3^4(q)) (1) = (16eta^8(1/2tau)eta^(16)(2tau))/(eta^(24)(tau)), (2) where theta_i(q)=theta_i(0,q) is ...