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Twin primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+2). The term "twin prime" was coined by Paul Stäckel (1862-1919; Tietze 1965, p. 19). The first few twin primes are n+/-1 ...

The twin primes constant Pi_2 (sometimes also denoted C_2) is defined by Pi_2 = product_(p>2; p prime)[1-1/((p-1)^2)] (1) = product_(p>2; p prime)(p(p-2))/((p-1)^2) (2) = ...

The set of prime numbers, sometimes denoted P (Derbyshire 2004, p. 163), and implemented in the Wolfram Language as Primes. In the Wolfram Language, a quantity can be tested ...

A twin prime cluster of order n is a collection of 2n consecutive prime numbers such that consecutive pairs form twin primes. Twin prime clusters were discussed by Mudge ...

For an integer n>=2, let lpf(n) denote the least prime factor of n. A pair of integers (x,y) is called a twin peak if 1. x<y, 2. lpf(x)=lpf(y), 3. For all z, x<z<y implies ...

There are two related conjectures, each called the twin prime conjecture. The first version states that there are an infinite number of pairs of twin primes (Guy 1994, p. ...

The twin composites may be defined by analogy with the twin primes as pairs of composite numbers (n,n+2). Since all even number are trivially twin composites, it is natural ...

A twin Pythagorean triple is a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c) for which two values are consecutive integers. By definition, twin triplets are therefore primitive triples. Of the ...

Sexy primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+6), so-named since "sex" is the Latin word for "six.". The first few sexy prime pairs are (5, 11), (7, 13), (11, 17), (13, ...

Let p be a prime with n digits and let A be a constant. Call p an "A-prime" if the concatenation of the first n digits of A (ignoring the decimal point if one is present) ...