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A multiplicative character is called unitary if it has absolute value 1 everywhere.

Let (K,|·|) be a non-Archimedean field. Its valuation ring R is defined to be R={x in K:|x|<=1}. The valuation ring has maximal ideal M={x in K:|x|<1}, and the field R/M is ...

An asymptotic series is a series expansion of a function in a variable x which may converge or diverge (Erdélyi 1987, p. 1), but whose partial sums can be made an arbitrarily ...

The Cayley-Purser algorithm is a public-key cryptography algorithm that relies on the fact that matrix multiplication is not commutative. It was devised by Sarah Flannery ...

A curve with polar coordinates, r=b+asectheta (1) studied by the Greek mathematician Nicomedes in about 200 BC, also known as the cochloid. It is the locus of points a fixed ...

Continuum percolation can be thought of as a continuous, uncountable version of percolation theory-a theory which, in its most studied form, takes place on a discrete, ...

Elliptic curve primality proving, abbreviated ECPP, is class of algorithms that provide certificates of primality using sophisticated results from the theory of elliptic ...

Define the abundancy Sigma(n) of a positive integer n as Sigma(n)=(sigma(n))/n, (1) where sigma(n) is the divisor function. Then a pair of distinct numbers (k,m) is a ...

The golden ratio has decimal expansion phi=1.618033988749894848... (OEIS A001622). It can be computed to 10^(10) digits of precision in 24 CPU-minutes on modern hardware and ...

Given a triangle DeltaABC and the excentral triangle DeltaJ_AJ_BJ_C, define the A^'-vertex of the hexyl triangle as the point in which the perpendicular to AB through the ...